油浸式變壓器幾乎在所有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品中(zhong)都要用(yong)到(dao)，它原(yuan)理簡(jian)單但根(gen)據不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)場合（不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)途）油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繞(rao)制工藝會(hui)(hui)有所不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求。油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能主(zhu)(zhu)要有：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)換；阻(zu)抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)換；隔離(li)；穩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)（磁(ci)(ci)飽和油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)）等(deng)，油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)心(xin)(xin)(xin)形(xing)狀一般有E型(xing)和C型(xing)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)心(xin)(xin)(xin)。 一、油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本原(yuan)理 當(dang)一個(ge)(ge)正弦交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)U1加(jia)(jia)(jia)在初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)兩端(duan)時，導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)就有交變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)I1并(bing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)交變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)(tong)ф1，它沿著鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)心(xin)(xin)(xin)穿(chuan)過(guo)(guo)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)和次(ci)(ci)(ci)級(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)形(xing)成(cheng)閉(bi)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)路(lu)。在次(ci)(ci)(ci)級(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)中(zhong)感(gan)應(ying)(ying)出互(hu)(hu)感(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)U2，同(tong)時ф1也會(hui)(hui)在初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)上(shang)感(gan)應(ying)(ying)出一個(ge)(ge)自(zi)感(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)E1，E1的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向與(yu)(yu)所加(jia)(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)U1方(fang)向相(xiang)反而幅度相(xiang)近，從而限制了I1的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小。為(wei)了保(bao)持(chi)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)(tong)ф1的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存在就需(xu)要有一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能消(xiao)耗(hao)(hao)，并(bing)且(qie)油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)本身(shen)(shen)也有一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)耗(hao)(hao)，盡管此(ci)時次(ci)(ci)(ci)級(ji)(ji)(ji)沒接負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)中(zhong)仍有一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)我(wo)們稱為(wei)“空載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)”。 如果次(ci)(ci)(ci)級(ji)(ji)(ji)接上(shang)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，次(ci)(ci)(ci)級(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)就產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)I2，并(bing)因此(ci)而產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)(tong)ф2，ф2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向與(yu)(yu)ф1相(xiang)反，起了互(hu)(hu)相(xiang)抵消(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，使(shi)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)心(xin)(xin)(xin)中(zhong)總的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)(tong)量(liang)有所減(jian)少，從而使(shi)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)自(zi)感(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)E1減(jian)少，其結果使(shi)I1增(zeng)(zeng)大(da)，可見初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)與(yu)(yu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)級(ji)(ji)(ji)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有密切關(guan)系。當(dang)次(ci)(ci)(ci)級(ji)(ji)(ji)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)大(da)時I1增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)，ф1也增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)，并(bing)且(qie)ф1增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)部(bu)分(fen)正好補充了被ф2所抵消(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)那部(bu)分(fen)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)(tong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)持(chi)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)心(xin)(xin)(xin)里總磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)(tong)量(liang)不變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。如果不考慮油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)耗(hao)(hao)，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)認為(wei)一個(ge)(ge)理想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)級(ji)(ji)(ji)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)消(xiao)耗(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)也就是(shi)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源取得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)。油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)能根(gen)據需(xu)要通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)改變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)次(ci)(ci)(ci)級(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圈(quan)(quan)數(shu)而改變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)次(ci)(ci)(ci)級(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，但是(shi)不能改變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)允(yun)許(xu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)消(xiao)耗(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)。二、油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)耗(hao)(hao) 當(dang)油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)所產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)(tong)在鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)心(xin)(xin)(xin)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)，因為(wei)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)心(xin)(xin)(xin)本身(shen)(shen)也是(shi)導(dao)體，在垂直于(yu)(yu)磁(ci)(ci)力(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平面(mian)上(shang)就會(hui)(hui)感(gan)應(ying)(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)，這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)在鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)心(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)斷面(mian)上(shang)形(xing)成(cheng)閉(bi)合回路(lu)并(bing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，好象一個(ge)(ge)旋渦(wo)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)稱為(wei)“渦(wo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)”。這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)“渦(wo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)”使(shi)油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)耗(hao)(hao)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)，并(bing)且(qie)使(shi)油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)心(xin)(xin)(xin)發熱油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫升(sheng)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)。由“渦(wo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)”所產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)耗(hao)(hao)我(wo)們稱為(wei)“鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)損(sun)”。另(ling)外要繞(rao)制油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)需(xu)要用(yong)大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，這(zhe)些銅(tong)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)存在著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)過(guo)(guo)時這(zhe)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)會(hui)(hui)消(xiao)耗(hao)(hao)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)，這(zhe)部(bu)分(fen)損(sun)耗(hao)(hao)往往變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)熱量(liang)而消(xiao)耗(hao)(hao)，我(wo)們稱這(zhe)種損(sun)耗(hao)(hao)為(wei)“銅(tong)損(sun)”。所以(yi)(yi)(yi)油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫升(sheng)主(zhu)(zhu)要由鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)損(sun)和銅(tong)損(sun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。由于(yu)(yu)油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)存在著鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)損(sun)與(yu)(yu)銅(tong)損(sun)，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出功(gong)率(lv)(lv)永遠小于(yu)(yu)輸入功(gong)率(lv)(lv)，為(wei)此(ci)我(wo)們引入了一個(ge)(ge)效率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)參(can)數(shu)來(lai)對(dui)此(ci)進(jin)行描述，η=輸出功(gong)率(lv)(lv)/輸入功(gong)率(lv)(lv)。武漢華超電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品有：YDJ系列油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、GTB系列干式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、YDQ系列充氣(qi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、HTRL-V油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)容量(liang)測試(shi)(shi)(shi)儀(yi)(yi)、HTBS-V油(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)空載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)特(te)性(xing)測試(shi)(shi)(shi)儀(yi)(yi)等(deng)。

熱(re)點(dian)(dian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)及與絕緣材料 接(jie)觸的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(℃) 140 140 140 120 長(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai) 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(標(biao)幺(yao)值(zhi)) 熱(re)點(dian)(dian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)及與絕緣材料 接(jie)觸的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(℃) 150 140 140 130 短期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai) 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(標(biao)幺(yao)值(zhi)) 熱(re)點(dian)(dian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)及與絕緣材料 接(jie)觸的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(℃) 160 160 160  附件(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)回路元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)限(xian)制。 油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)附件(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)外部(bu)(bu)(bu)回路元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)能滿足超(chao)(chao)(chao)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu),當任一(yi)附件(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)回路元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能滿足要(yao)(yao)(yao) 求(qiu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)按(an)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)能力最小的(de)(de)(de)(de)附件(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)限(xian)制負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)。 油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構件(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能滿足超(chao)(chao)(chao)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)根據(ju)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)情況確定(ding)(ding)(ding)是(shi)否(fou)限(xian)制負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)和(he)(he)限(xian)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)程度(du)(du)(du)。正常(chang)(chang)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)在(zai)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)條件(jian)(jian)下(xia)(xia)，全年可(ke)(ke)按(an)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)允許在(zai)平均相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)老化率(lv)(lv)小于(yu)或(huo)等于(yu) 1 的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)(xia)，周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)地超(chao)(chao)(chao)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。當油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)有(you)(you)(you)較嚴(yan)(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)(que)陷(如冷(leng)卻(que)系(xi)(xi)統不(bu)(bu)(bu)正常(chang)(chang)、嚴(yan)(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)漏(lou)油(you)(you)(you)、有(you)(you)(you)局部(bu)(bu)(bu)過(guo)熱(re)現(xian)象、油(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)溶解(jie)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)分析結(jie) 果異(yi)常(chang)(chang)等)或(huo)絕緣有(you)(you)(you)弱點(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜(yi)超(chao)(chao)(chao)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。  正常(chang)(chang)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)下(xia)(xia)，超(chao)(chao)(chao)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，允許的(de)(de)(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)系(xi)(xi)數(shu) K2 和(he)(he)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)，可(ke)(ke)按(an)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)導則(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia) 述方法之一(yi)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)： a.根據(ju)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)數(shu)據(ju)和(he)(he)實際負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)圖(tu)，用(yong)(yong)第(di)(di)二(er)篇(pian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)方法計(ji)算(suan)(suan)； b.查第(di)(di)三篇(pian)第(di)(di) 15 章(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)圖(tu) 9～12 中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)曲線(xian)。長(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)  長(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，將(jiang)在(zai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同程度(du)(du)(du)上(shang)縮短油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壽(shou)命，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)盡量(liang)減少出現(xian)這種(zhong)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi) 的(de)(de)(de)(de)機會；必(bi)須采用(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)盡量(liang)縮短超(chao)(chao)(chao)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)，降低超(chao)(chao)(chao)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)倍數(shu)，有(you)(you)(you)條件(jian)(jian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)按(an)制造(zao)廠規(gui) 定(ding)(ding)(ding)投入備用(yong)(yong)冷(leng)卻(que)器(qi)。當油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)有(you)(you)(you)較嚴(yan)(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)(que)陷(如冷(leng)卻(que)系(xi)(xi)統不(bu)(bu)(bu)正常(chang)(chang)，嚴(yan)(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)漏(lou)油(you)(you)(you)，有(you)(you)(you)局部(bu)(bu)(bu)過(guo)熱(re)現(xian)象，油(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)溶解(jie)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)分析結(jie) 果異(yi)常(chang)(chang)等)或(huo)絕緣有(you)(you)(you)弱點(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜(yi)超(chao)(chao)(chao)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。長(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，平均相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)老化率(lv)(lv)可(ke)(ke)大(da)于(yu) 1 甚至(zhi)遠大(da)于(yu) 1。超(chao)(chao)(chao)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)系(xi)(xi)數(shu) K2 和(he)(he) 時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)，可(ke)(ke)按(an)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)導則(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)述方法之一(yi)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)： a.根據(ju)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)數(shu)據(ju)和(he)(he)實際負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)圖(tu)，用(yong)(yong)第(di)(di)二(er)篇(pian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)方法計(ji) 算(suan)(suan)； b.查第(di)(di)三篇(pian)第(di)(di) 16 章(zhang)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)表(biao)中(zhong)表(biao) 7～30。在(zai)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)有(you)(you)(you)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)記錄(lu)(lu)，并計(ji)算(suan)(suan)該(gai)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平均相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)老化率(lv)(lv)。短期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)  短期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)老化率(lv)(lv)遠大(da)于(yu) 1，繞組熱(re)點(dian)(dian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)可(ke)(ke)能達到危險(xian)程度(du)(du)(du)。在(zai)出現(xian)這種(zhong)情況時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)投入包括備用(yong)(yong)在(zai)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)全部(bu)(bu)(bu)冷(leng)卻(que)器(qi)(制造(zao)廠另有(you)(you)(you)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)除(chu)外)，并盡量(liang)壓(ya)縮負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)、減少時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)，一(yi)般(ban)不(bu)(bu)(bu)超(chao)(chao)(chao)過(guo) 。當油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)有(you)(you)(you)嚴(yan)(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)缺(que)(que)陷或(huo)絕緣有(you)(you)(you)弱點(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜(yi)超(chao)(chao)(chao)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。短期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)允許的(de)(de)(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)系(xi)(xi)數(shu) K2 見表(biao) 3  在(zai)短期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)有(you)(you)(you)詳(xiang)細的(de)(de)(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)記錄(lu)(lu)。并計(ji)算(suan)(suan)該(gai)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)老化率(lv)(lv)。  干式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正常(chang)(chang)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)、長(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)和(he)(he)短期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)急救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，按(an)制造(zao)廠規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)和(he)(he) 相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)導則(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。無人值(zhi)班變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站內油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)超(chao)(chao)(chao)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)視具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)情況在(zai)現(xian)場規(gui)程中(zhong)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。