山東聊城變壓器廠提供 箱式變電站廠家告訴你隨著(zhu)城(cheng)市(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)改造股東(dong)回報，美式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)變(bian)由于其體積小、安裝方便、全絕緣且能深入負荷(he)中心等，一系(xi)列優點而得到越來越多的應用。特(te)別是(shi)許多城(cheng)市(shi)逐步將(jiang)10 kV架空(kong)線改為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)箱(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站廠家，更(geng)使得美式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)變(bian)成為(wei)城(cheng)網(wang)改造的首選(xuan)設備。 中國配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)12 kV為(wei)中性點不接(jie)地系(xi)統。

而(er)美國(guo)(guo)15 kV （相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)當于中國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)12 kV）的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)為(wei)(wei)中性(xing)點(dian)(dian)接地(di)系(xi)統，中國(guo)(guo)市場上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)美式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)Dy繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)，一般采用噴射式(shi)(shi)熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)后備限流熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)串(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)對箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)進行保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)。熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)用來(lai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)二次(ci)側過載和(he)短路(lu)(lu)，后備熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)用來(lai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)內部短路(lu)(lu)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流故障(zhang)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)原理接線(xian)(xian)如(ru)圖1所(suo)示，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵芯為(wei)(wei)三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)三(san)柱，當高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)A相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)時高效(xiao)耐磨，A、C相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)串(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)成一個支路(lu)(lu)逐步(bu)企穩，B相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)為(wei)(wei)一支路(lu)(lu)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站廠(chang)家(jia)，UBC施(shi)加在并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)支路(lu)(lu)上(shang)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站廠(chang)家(jia)，A、C繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)(wei)1/2的(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)、B相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)仍為(wei)(wei)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)， 低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)a、c相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)1/2綜(zong)(zong)合訊，b相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)正常雙重危(wei)機(ji)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站廠(chang)家(jia)，a、c相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)所(suo)接的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)設備（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視(shi)、冰箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、空調等）會因欠壓(ya)(ya)(ya)而(er)燒毀。在標準(zhun)中規定(ding)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站廠(chang)家(jia)，當高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)任何一相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)時箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站廠(chang)家(jia)，必須由聯(lian)(lian)動機(ji)構(gou)撞開三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)負(fu)荷開關，避免系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)運行。  就最近美式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)實際使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況來(lai)看，多數未采取缺(que)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)措施(shi)。現就美式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)缺(que)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)危(wei)害(hai)，綜(zong)(zong)合中國(guo)(guo)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術特點(dian)(dian)，提出了幾種(zhong)解決方案(an)。 1 二次(ci)側加裝缺(que)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi) 缺(que)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作原理接線(xian)(xian)圖如(ru)圖2所(suo)示。當保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)接電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)上(shang)端某(mou)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)線(xian)(xian)或(huo)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)嚴重降(jiang)低(di)到額定(ding)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)70％箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站廠(chang)家(jia)，則電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子缺(que)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)觸點(dian)(dian)動作閉合，從而(er)觸發控制(zhi)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)分閘互相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)抵消，避免系(xi)統缺(que)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)運行，從而(er)防(fang)止低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備過熱燒毀。

該(gai)方案(an)成(cheng)本(ben)低(di)投資領域(yu)，能避免變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)缺(que)(que)相(xiang)(xiang)運行。是(shi)最近美式箱變缺(que)(que)相(xiang)(xiang)保(bao)(bao)護普遍(bian)采用的(de)方式。缺(que)(que)點(dian)是(shi)單相(xiang)(xiang)熔斷器(qi)熔斷，出線(xian)端(duan)缺(que)(que)相(xiang)(xiang)保(bao)(bao)護器(qi)動(dong)作后(hou)生產積極，變壓(ya)器(qi)內(nei)仍然帶(dai)電，不能從根本(ben)上(shang)(shang)解決問題(ti)。 2 高(gao)壓(ya)缺(que)(que)相(xiang)(xiang)聯動(dong)保(bao)(bao)護模(mo)(mo)式 前一(yi)方案(an)不能有(you)效切(qie)除變壓(ya)器(qi)高(gao)壓(ya)電源(yuan)實現有(you)效的(de)缺(que)(que)相(xiang)(xiang)保(bao)(bao)護，提出了如(ru)下方案(an)。 方案(an)中(zhong)需要為傳統(tong)的(de)美式箱變負荷(he)開關加(jia)裝電動(dong)機(ji)構。電動(dong)機(ji)構的(de)控(kong)制整合了低(di)壓(ya)缺(que)(que)相(xiang)(xiang)保(bao)(bao)護器(qi)的(de)電動(dong)機(ji)構控(kong)制的(de)部分功能大幅上(shang)(shang)揚，當檢(jian)測(ce)到缺(que)(que)相(xiang)(xiang)時，保(bao)(bao)護模(mo)(mo)塊分閘繼電器(qi)動(dong)作，觸(chu)點(dian)閉(bi)合使分閘繼電器(qi)線(xian)圈帶(dai)電，從而(er)使其觸(chu)點(dian)閉(bi)合驅動(dong)電動(dong)機(ji)構，電機(ji)轉動(dong)分斷變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)高(gao)壓(ya)電源(yuan)，避免了變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)缺(que)(que)相(xiang)(xiang)運行。

正(zheng)常時繼而回(hui)升，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)構由變(bian)壓器二次(ci)側對蓄電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)一觸即發，充(chong)分利用(yong)了變(bian)壓器二次(ci)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)源維(wei)持行業，無需專用(yong)電(dian)(dian)源設備。

3 真空斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu) 真空斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)類似于(yu)預(yu)裝式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)（即(ji)歐式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。只(zhi)是該方案中資金緊張，把油(you)(you)浸(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)美(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)環網(wang)柜中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)單元整合(he)在(zai)美(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)中，通過對(dui)控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整定(ding)來(lai)實現對(dui)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)。正(zheng)(zheng)常情況(kuang)下，斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)可以承載持(chi)續電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)行業不景氣，并且其額定(ding)開(kai)斷(duan)值遠大于(yu)熔斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。可復位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)代替一次性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熔斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，可以迅速恢復供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，縮短了(le)(le)停電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)和傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)由(you)于(yu)更(geng)換熔斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)而增加的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)費用(yong)，提高(gao)了(le)(le)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)質量。同時由(you)真空斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)斷(duan)負(fu)荷(he)(he)和故(gu)障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，避免了(le)(le)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)浸(jin)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)美(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負(fu)荷(he)(he)開(kai)關對(dui)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污染，延長了(le)(le)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)壽命。 瞬時分閘附(fu)件擴大了(le)(le)在(zai)大故(gu)障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)水(shui)平時與上級線路(lu)(lu)設備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)高(gao)于(yu)預(yu)設的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)水(shui)平時箱(xiang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)箱(xiang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)廠(chang)家(jia)，瞬時分閘附(fu)件使控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)繞(rao)過正(zheng)(zheng)常的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)TCC延時，從而消除原來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延時。可選的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)相接(jie)地（TP山(shan)東聊(liao)城變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)廠(chang)）脫扣控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)提供改進的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統配(pei)合(he)，可以由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜或架空饋線輸入。

控(kong)制器由靈敏的接地保護，當檢(jian)測到(dao)較低水平的接地故(gu)障電(dian)流(liu)時可以快(kuai)速(su)的開斷故(gu)障電(dian)流(liu)。。