山東聊城變壓器廠上午消息 箱式變電站廠家隨著城(cheng)市(shi)電網改造，美式(shi)箱(xiang)變由于其體積(ji)小、安裝方便(bian)、全絕緣且(qie)能深入(ru)負(fu)荷中心等遠期價(jia)格，一(yi)系列優點而得到越來(lai)越多的應用。特別(bie)是許多城(cheng)市(shi)逐(zhu)步將10 kV架空(kong)線改為電纜供電，更使得美式(shi)箱(xiang)變成為城(cheng)網改造的首選設備。

中(zhong)國配電(dian)(dian)網(wang)12 kV為中(zhong)性點(dian)不接(jie)(jie)地系(xi)統。而(er)美國15 kV （相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)當于中(zhong)國的(de)12 kV）的(de)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)為中(zhong)性點(dian)接(jie)(jie)地系(xi)統內在沖動，中(zhong)國市場(chang)上(shang)的(de)美式箱變為Dy繞組(zu)，一(yi)般采用噴射式熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)后備限流(liu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)串(chuan)聯(lian)對箱變進行保(bao)(bao)護(hu)。熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)用來(lai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)二次側過載和(he)短路再次虧損，后備熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)用來(lai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)內部短路大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)故障。變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)原理接(jie)(jie)線如圖(tu)1所示(shi)緩慢增(zeng)長，變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)鐵芯為三相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)三柱，當高壓(ya)A相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)時，A、C相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)串(chuan)聯(lian)成一(yi)個支(zhi)路，B相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)繞組(zu)為一(yi)支(zhi)路，UBC施加在并聯(lian)支(zhi)路上(shang)，A、C繞組(zu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為1/2的(de)線電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、B相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)仍為線電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)鋼材產量(liang)， 低壓(ya)a、c相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)降1/2，b相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)正常(chang)已經來(lai)臨(lin)，a、c相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)所接(jie)(jie)的(de)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)設備（電(dian)(dian)視、冰箱、空調等）會因(yin)欠(qian)壓(ya)而(er)燒毀。在標準中(zhong)規(gui)定，當高壓(ya)組(zu)合電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)任何一(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)時，必(bi)須由聯(lian)動機構(gou)撞(zhuang)開三相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)負荷開關(guan)，避免系(xi)統的(de)缺相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)運行。   

就最(zui)近美式箱變實際使用的情況來看，多(duo)數未采取缺(que)相保(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)施。現就美式箱變缺(que)相保(bao)護(hu)的危害，綜合中國外的技術特點后勤(qin)服務，提出了(le)幾種解(jie)決方案。

1 二次側(ce)加裝缺(que)(que)相保護(hu)器(qi) 缺(que)(que)相保護(hu)器(qi)的(de)(de)工作原理接線圖所(suo)示。當保護(hu)器(qi)所(suo)接電(dian)網上(shang)端某相斷線或相電(dian)壓嚴重(zhong)降低(di)到額定(ding)值的(de)(de)70％，則電(dian)子缺(que)(que)相保護(hu)器(qi)觸點動(dong)作閉合，從而觸發控制斷路器(qi)分閘(zha)火眼金睛，避(bi)免(mian)系(xi)統缺(que)(que)相運行(xing)(xing)，從而防止低(di)壓用電(dian)設備過(guo)熱燒毀。該方案成本低(di)，能(neng)避(bi)免(mian)變壓器(qi)的(de)(de)缺(que)(que)相運行(xing)(xing)。是最近(jin)美式(shi)箱變缺(que)(que)相保護(hu)普遍采用的(de)(de)方式(shi)。缺(que)(que)點是單相熔(rong)斷器(qi)熔(rong)斷，出線端缺(que)(que)相保護(hu)器(qi)動(dong)作后產(chan)品升級(ji)，變壓器(qi)內(nei)仍然帶電(dian)，不能(neng)從根本上(shang)解(jie)決問題。

2 高壓缺相聯動保護模式 前一方案不能有效切除變壓器高壓電源實現有效的缺相保護，提出了如下方案。 方案中需要為傳統的美式箱變負荷開關加裝電動機構。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)的(de)控(kong)制整合了(le)低壓(ya)缺(que)相保護(hu)(hu)器(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)控(kong)制的(de)部分功(gong)能機(ji)械性能箱式(shi)箱式(shi)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)廠家，當檢測到缺(que)相時，保護(hu)(hu)模塊分閘繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)動(dong)(dong)作，觸點閉合使(shi)分閘繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)線(xian)圈帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，從(cong)而使(shi)其觸點閉合驅動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)分斷變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)高壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源沖動(dong)(dong)難抑，避(bi)免了(le)變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)缺(que)相運行(xing)。正常時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)由(you)變壓(ya)器(qi)二(er)次(ci)側(ce)對(dui)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充分利用(yong)了(le)變壓(ya)器(qi)二(er)次(ci)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，無需專用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源設備。

3 真(zhen)空(kong)斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)(qi)保(bao)護 真(zhen)空(kong)斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)(qi)保(bao)護類似于預裝式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)（即(ji)歐式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護方式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。只是該(gai)方案中(zhong)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)廠家(jia)，把油(you)浸式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)美(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)環網柜(ju)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)(qi)單元整(zheng)合在(zai)美(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)中(zhong)，通(tong)過對控制器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)定(ding)來實現對變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護。正常(chang)情(qing)況(kuang)下，斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)(qi)可以(yi)承(cheng)載持續電(dian)流(liu)，并(bing)且其額(e)定(ding)開(kai)斷(duan)值遠大于熔(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)。可復位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)(qi)代替一次性的(de)(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)，可以(yi)迅速恢復供電(dian)增長(chang)態(tai)勢(shi)，縮短了停(ting)電(dian)時間和傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)由于更換熔(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)而增加的(de)(de)(de)(de)費用跌幅較(jiao)大箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)廠家(jia)，提高(gao)了供電(dian)質量。同時由真(zhen)空(kong)斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)(qi)開(kai)斷(duan)負荷(he)和故障(zhang)電(dian)流(liu)，避免了傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)浸式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)美(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)負荷(he)開(kai)關(guan)對變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)油(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)污染(ran)，延(yan)長(chang)了變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用壽命。

瞬時(shi)(shi)(shi)分閘附(fu)件擴大了在大故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)水平(ping)時(shi)(shi)(shi)與上級線路設備的(de)(de)配合。當電(dian)(dian)流(liu)高于(yu)預設的(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)水平(ping)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，瞬時(shi)(shi)(shi)分閘附(fu)件使控(kong)制器(qi)(qi)繞(rao)過正常的(de)(de)TCC延(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)資金投資，從而消除原來的(de)(de)延(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。可選(xuan)的(de)(de)三相接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)（TP山東聊城變壓器(qi)(qi)廠）脫扣(kou)控(kong)制器(qi)(qi)提供改進的(de)(de)系(xi)統配合采取措施，可以由電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)或架空饋線輸(shu)入(ru)。控(kong)制器(qi)(qi)由靈敏(min)的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)保護箱式箱式變電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)廠家(jia)，當檢測到較低水平(ping)的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)可以快速的(de)(de)開斷故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。。